Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 37. In the course of its history, human inventions have dramatically increased the average amount of energy available for use per person. Primitive peoples in cold regions burned wood and animal dung to heat their caves, cook food, and drive off animals by fire. The first step toward the developing of more efficient fuels was taken when people ...
Trần Đan Phương | Chat Online | |
03/09 10:02:04 (Tiếng Anh - Lớp 12) |
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 37.
In the course of its history, human inventions have dramatically increased the average amount of energy available for use per person. Primitive peoples in cold regions burned wood and animal dung to heat their caves, cook food, and drive off animals by fire. The first step toward the developing of more efficient fuels was taken when people discovered that they could use vegetable oils and animal fats in lieu of gathered or cut wood. Charcoal gave off more intensive heat than wood and was more easily obtainable than organic fats. The Greeks first began to use coal for metal smelting in the 4th century, but it did not come into extensive use until the Industrial Revolution.
In the 1700s, at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, most energy used in the United States and other nations undergoing industrialization was obtained from perpetual and renewable sources, such as wood, water streams, domesticated animal labor, and wind. These were predominantly locally available supplies. By mid-1800s, 91 percent of all commercial energy consumed in the United States and European countries was obtained from wood. However, at he beginning of the 20th century, coal became a major energy source and replaced wood in industrializing countries. Although in most regions and climate zones wood was more readily accessible than coal, the latter represents a more concentrated source of energy. In 1910, natural gas and oil firmly replaced coal as the main source of fuel because they are lighter and, therefore, cheaper to transport. They burned more cleanly than coal and polluted less. Unlike coal, oil could be refined to manufacture liquid fuels for vehicles, a very important consideration in the early 1900s, when the automobile arrived on the scene.
By 1984, non-renewable fossil fuels, such as oil, coal, and natural gas, provided over 82 percent of the commercial and industrial energy used in the world. Small amounts of energy were derived from nuclear fission, and the remaining 16 percent came from burning direct perpetual and renewable fuels, such as biomass. Between 1700 and 1986, a large number of countries shifted from the use of energy from local sources to a centralized generation of hydropower and solar energy converted to electricity. The energy derived from non-renewable fossil fuels has been increasingly produced in one location and transported to another, as is the case with most automobile fuels. In countries with private, rather than public transportation, the age of non-renewable fuels has created a dependency on a finite resource that will have to be replaced.
Alternative fuel sources are numerous, and shale oil and hydrocarbons are just two examples. The extraction of shale oil from large deposits in Asian and European regions has proven to be labor consuming and costly. The resulting product is sulfur-and nitrogen-rich, and large scale extractions are presently prohibitive. Similarly, the extraction of hydrocarbons from tar sands in Alberta and Utah is complex. Semi-solid hydrocarbons cannot be easily separated from the sandstone and limestone that carry them, and modern technology is not sufficiently versatile for a large-scale removal of the material. However, both sources of fuel may eventually be needed as petroleum prices continue to rise and limitations in fossil fuel availability make alternative deposits more attractive.
The phrase “the latter” refers to
Lựa chọn một trả lời để xem Đáp án chính xác Báo sai đáp án hoặc câu hỏi |
A. wood 0 % | 0 phiếu |
B. coal 0 % | 0 phiếu |
C. most regions 0 % | 0 phiếu |
D. climate zones 0 % | 0 phiếu |
Tổng cộng: | 0 trả lời |
Trắc nghiệm liên quan
- Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 37. In the course of its history, human inventions have dramatically increased the average amount ... (Tiếng Anh - Lớp 12)
- Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 37. In the course of its history, human inventions have dramatically increased the average amount ... (Tiếng Anh - Lớp 12)
- Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 37. In the course of its history, human inventions have dramatically increased the average amount ... (Tiếng Anh - Lớp 12)
- Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 37. In the course of its history, human inventions have dramatically increased the average amount ... (Tiếng Anh - Lớp 12)
- Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 37. In the course of its history, human inventions have dramatically increased the average amount ... (Tiếng Anh - Lớp 12)
- Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29. Fill in the appropriate word in question 29 How men first learnt to ... (Tiếng Anh - Lớp 12)
- Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29. Fill in the appropriate word in question 28 How men first learnt to ... (Tiếng Anh - Lớp 12)
- Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29. Fill in the appropriate word in question 27 How men first learnt to ... (Tiếng Anh - Lớp 12)
- Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29. Fill in the appropriate word in question 26 How men first learnt to ... (Tiếng Anh - Lớp 12)
- Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29. Fill in the appropriate word in question 25 How men first learnt to ... (Tiếng Anh - Lớp 12)
Trắc nghiệm mới nhất
- Dấu hiệu nhận biết một số là số chẵn là: (Toán học - Lớp 4)
- Số chẵn nhỏ nhất có 5 chữ số khác nhau là: (Toán học - Lớp 4)
- Có tất cả bao nhiêu số chẵn có hai chữ số? (Toán học - Lớp 4)
- Có bao nhiêu số không chia hết cho 2 trong các số sau: 20 3 495 296 5 743 101 708 2 200 39 502 72 (Toán học - Lớp 4)
- Nhà bác Lan thu hoạch được 12 487 kg cà phê, nhà bác Thành thu hoạch được ít hơn nhà bác Lan 563 kg cà phê. Nhà bác Tư thu hoạch được nhiều hơn nhà bác Thành 120 kg cà phê. Hỏi cả ba bác thu hoạch được bao nhiêu kg cà phê? (Toán học - Lớp 4)
- Hoa đến cửa hàng văn phòng phẩm mua 1 chiếc bút chì, mỗi chiếc giá 7 000 đồng và mua 5 quyển vở, mỗi quyển giá 12 000 đồng. Hoa đưa cho cô bán hàng tờ 100 000 đồng. Hoa đưa cho cô bán hàng tờ 100 000 đồng. Hỏi cô bán hàng phải trả lại Hoa bao nhiêu ... (Toán học - Lớp 4)
- Nếu cần so sánh tỉ lệ phần trăm số học sinh của mỗi nội dung Tin học trên tổng số học sinh được khảo sát, em sẽ dùng cách nào để thể hiện dữ liệu? (Tin học - Lớp 8)
- Tờ giấy màu đỏ hình chữ nhật có chiều dài 9 dm, chiều rộng 5 dm. Tờ giấy hình vuông màu xanh có chu vi bằng chu vi của tờ giấy màu đỏ. Tính diện tích của tờ giấy màu xanh? (Toán học - Lớp 4)
- Một mặt bàn hình chữ nhật có chiều dài 50 cm và chiều rộng là 2 dm. Diện tích của mặt bàn là: (Toán học - Lớp 4)
- Con hãy chọn đáp án đúng nhấtĐề-xi-mét vuông được kí hiệu là: (Toán học - Lớp 4)