Cho hàm số \(f\left( x \right)\) xác định trên \(\mathbb{R}\backslash \left\{ 1 \right\}\) thỏa mãn \(f'\left( x \right) = \frac{1},\,\,f\left( 0 \right) = 2022\) và \(f\left( 2 \right) = 2023.\) Tính \(S = f\left( 3 \right) - f\left( { - 1} \right).\)

Ta có \(f'\left( x \right) = \frac{1}\)

\( \Rightarrow f\left( x \right) = \int {\frac{1}} \;{\rm{d}}x\) \[ = \ln \left| {x - 1} \right| + C = \left\{ \begin{array}{l}\ln \left( {x - 1} \right) + {C_1}\,\,{\rm{khi}}\,\,x > 1\\\ln \left( {1 - x} \right) + {C_2}\,\,{\rm{khi}}\,\,x < 1\end{array} \right.\]

Mặt khác \(\left\{ \begin{array}{l}f\left( 0 \right) = 2022\\f\left( 2 \right) = 2023\end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}{C_2} = 2022\\{C_1} = 2023\end{array} \right..\)

Vậy \[f\left( x \right) = \left\{ \begin{array}{l}\ln \left( {x - 1} \right) + 2023\,\,{\rm{khi}}\,\,x > 1\\\ln \left( {1 - x} \right) + 2022\,\,{\rm{khi}}\,\,x < 1\end{array} \right.\].

Do đó \(S = f\left( 3 \right) - f\left( { - 1} \right) = \ln 2 + 2023 - \ln 2 - 2022 = 1.\) Chọn C.