Many schools were founded around the world at the beginning of the 20th century.

−- Bị động QKĐ: S + was/were + PII (by O)

−- around the world: trên khắp thế giới

−- at the beginning (of): vào lúc đầu ...

22 It was nice of John to give us a lift to the train station.

−- give sb a lift to ...: đưa ai tới đâu

−- It + be + nice + of sb + to V: ai thật tốt khi làm gì

−- Diễn tả việc đã xảy ra ⇒⇒ QKĐ: S + was/were + adj/N

33 There has been a dramatic increase in the number of people travelling abroad in recent years.

−- có recent →→ HTHT: S + has/have + PII

−- increase in ...: tăng ...

−- the number of + N số nhiều: số lượng ... 

−- Rút gọn MĐQH với động từ chia ở dạng chủ động (people tự thực hiện được hành động "travel") ⇒⇒ V-ing ⇒⇒ travelling

44 I prefer riding my bicycles to catching a bus to school every morning.

−- prefer doing sth to doing sth: thích làm gì hơn làm gì

−- catch a bus to swh: bắt xe bus đi tới đâu

55 Saigonese expect that the new metro system can solve the traffic problem.

−- expect + (that) + S + V: mong đợi rằng ...

−- can do sth: có thể làm gì

66 How long had you known him before he got married?

−- clause (QKHT) + before + clause (QKĐ): ... trước khi ... →→ diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ

77  The traffic system in Ho Chi Minh City has been upgraded in the last five years.

−- có "the last five years" →→ bị động HTHT: S + has/have + been + PII (by O)

−- in + nơi chốn

88  He was disappointed to see that she was not at the party.

−- Diễn tả việc xảy ra trong quá khứ ⇒⇒ QKĐ: S + was/were + adj/N

−- S + be + adj + to V: ai như thế nào khi làm gì

−- at + nơi chốn có hoạt động ⇒⇒ at the party: ở buổi tiệc

99 It is impossible for me to wear rubber sandals to school.

−- It + be + adj + (for sb) + to V

1010 Before 1990, Vietnamese people lived in extended families.

−- "before 1990: trước năm 1990" ⇒⇒ thời gian trong quá khứ →→ QKĐ: S + Ved/c2


 

. It was confident of him to say that he was the best student in his school

-> He was confident to say that he was the best student in his school

Anh ấy tự tin nói rằng mình là học sinh giỏi nhất trường

2. Our lifesyle has changed considerably since the introduction of Western culture.

-> There has been considerable change since the introduction of Western culture.

Đã có sự thay đổi đáng kể kể từ khi văn hóa phương Tây du nhập.

3. It's exciting for me to lern that I can come to visit my friend in Phu Yen next month.

-> I am excited about learning that I can come to visit my friend in Phu Yen next month.

Tôi rất hào hứng khi biết tin có thể về thăm bạn tôi ở Phú Yên vào tháng sau.

4. Those children need to be taght about how Vietnam has trabsformed itdelf

-> It is necessary for those children to be taght about how Vietnam has tranformed itself

Những đứa trẻ đó cần được dạy về cách Việt Nam đã chuyển mình

1. Many schools around the world were founded at the beginning of the 20th century.
2. It is nice of John to give us a lift to the train station.
3. There has been a dramatic increase in the number of people traveling abroad in recent years.
4. I prefer riding my bicycle to catching the bus to school every morning.
5. People expect that the new metro system can solve the traffic problem.
6. The Internet provides us with various information and learning materials.
7. The traffic system in Hồ Chí Minh City has been upgraded over the last five years.
8. If you join this summer camp, you will learn how to use traditional farming tools.
9. Children in the cities should avoid playing soccer on the streets.
10. Our group agreed to present the differences between nuclear families and extended families last week.

II. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first sentence

1. He was confident to say that he was the best student in his school.
2. There has been a considerable change in our lifestyle since the introduction of Western culture.
3. I am excited to learn that I can come to visit my friend in Phu Yen next month.
4. Those children need to be taught about how Vietnam has transformed itself.
5. Maya is sad because she doesn’t want to spend her holiday without her family.
6. I don’t mind helping you review the lessons after school.
7. Everyone was playing a traditional game when we came to the school festival.
8. People aren’t allowed to smoke in public places in this country.
9. The number of people learning English has increased dramatically.
10. Children nowadays have more freedom of choice than children in the past.