Vietnam has made significant strides in promoting gender equality in recent years. Women in Vietnam now have access to better education and employment opportunities than ever before. The government has implemented policies to reduce gender discrimination in the workplace and increase female participation in leadership roles. However, challenges still exist. In many rural areas, traditional gender roles remain strong, and women continue to face barriers in areas such as land ownership and access to healthcare.
One of the key issues in Vietnam is the gender pay gap. Women, on average, earn less than men for doing the same work. While there have been improvements in the legal framework, the gap persists in many industries, especially in the private sector. The government has introduced measures to address this issue, but progress is slow.
In the political sphere, Vietnam has seen an increase in female representation. Women now make up a significant portion of the National Assembly, and there is growing awareness of the importance of gender-balanced decision-making. Nevertheless, women are still underrepresented in their high-ranking political positions.
To promote gender equality further, many NGOs and international organizations are working with local communities to challenge traditional gender norms and promote women's rights. Technology is also playing an increasing role in raising awareness and empowering women. Through digital platforms, women are connecting, sharing experiences, and advocating for change.
                                                                                    (Adapted from vietnamesenews)
Câu 23. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an area where gender equality is being promoted in Vietnam?
A. Education                                                               B. Employment opportunities
C. Political representation                                          D. Sports
Câu 24. The word “barriers” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ________.
A. Support                  B. Obstacles                            C. Restrictions                                    D. Opportunities
Câu 25. The word “their” in paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A. Women                   B. Policies                               C. The government                 D. Measures
Câu 26. The word “framework” in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by
A. Structure                B. Barrier                                C. Law                                                D. System
Câu 27. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence "Women now make up a significant portion of the National Assembly" in paragraph 3?
A. There are more women in the National Assembly now.
B. The number of women in politics has decreased.
C. Women have less representation in the National Assembly.
D. The National Assembly is dominated by men.
Câu 28. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The gender pay gap in Vietnam no longer exists.
B. Women are now more likely to hold high-ranking political positions than men.
C. The government is addressing gender inequality with legal measures.
D. Women are equally represented in the National Assembly. 
Câu 29. In which paragraph does the writer discuss a specific issue woman face in rural areas?
A. Paragraph 1                        B. Paragraph 2            C. Paragraph 3            D. Paragraph 4
Câu 30. In which paragraph does the writer explore the role of modern technology in promoting gender equality?
A. Paragraph 1                        B. Paragraph 2            C. Paragraph 3            D. Paragraph 4