Accumulation of excessive body fat is known as obesity. Obesity is measured and defined in terms of body mass index (BMI). Body mass index is the numerical way of deciding the appropriate weight range according to the height of an individual. A body mass index of more than 30kg/m2 indicates obesity. It is further classified as severe, morbid and super obesity in the order as the BMI increases. Obesity is a lifestyle disease which is spreading rapidly worldwide. Individuals of all age, gender and ethnicity are affected by this disease. Still, a general trend has been observed that women are affected more than the men. The tendency to gain weight also increases with the growing age. However, an alarming trend of childhood obesity is being noticed in the recent years. Obesity renders an individual susceptible to various other diseases like hypertension, coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes, sleep apnoea etc.
Obesity is mainly caused when the intake of the calories exceed the dissipated calories. In simple words, when one tends to eat more than his body requirement the extra fat start depositing in the body tissues giving rise to obesity. Junk food is the main culprit. Children are fonder of such unhealthy food items and hence are getting more affected by the rising incidences of obesity. The other common cause is the lack of physical activity. To properly digest the consumed food, physical exercise is compulsory. But the modern day sedentary life style leaves less time to work out. Thence, lack of exercise is a major contributing factor. However, in certain cases a plateau phase has been noticed. This generally occurs due to hormonal imbalance mainly caused by disturbance in physiological system of the body. Genetic predisposition also plays a major role as a causative factor
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