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D Complete the Exam Task.
Exam Task
For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word
which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap.
El Niño
When a pool of water gets hot, the surface begins to evaporate
(1).
it. The hot air rises, and carries the moisture (2)
it. When this moist, hot air begins to cool, there is rainfall. This
happens over warm ocean water (3)
is a normal cycle.
Normally, the Earth's warmest water can be found
(4)
west trade winds pushing the warm water toward Asia,
(5)
that result. Every so often, however, the trade winds weaken
and the warm water ends (6)
the coast of South America where people are not prepared for
the torrential rain that follows.
adding heat and moisture to the air above
the time and
the tropical western Pacific, with the east-to-
the ecosystem has adapted to the heavy rains
flowing eastward to
This is El Niño, which was at first thought to affect only an area
of coastal Peru, but is now recognised
(7)
of the tropical Pacific, and (8).
effects extend throughout the Pacific to eastern Africa and
beyond.
large-scale oceanic warming that affects most
meteorological