Question 43: What of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
B. It is common for people to share plates and drinks in Tanzanian homes.
A. In Moroccan homes, people sit on the floor to eat and also share food.
C. Men and women may sit at different tables in some parts of Tanzania.
D. It is normal to take off
your shoes in Moroccan and Tanzanian homes.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions from 44 to 50.
Children are not the face of this pandemic. But they risk being among its biggest victims. While they have
thankfully been largely spared from the direct health effects of COVID-19 at least to date - the crisis is having
a profound effect on their well-being. All children, of all ages, and in all countries, are being affected, in
particular by the socio-economic impacts and, in some cases, by mitigation measures that may inadvertently
do more harm than good. This is a universal crisis and, for some children, the impact will be lifelong.
Moreover, the harmful effects of this pandemic will not be distributed equally. They are expected to be most
damaging for children in the poorest countries, and in the poorest neighborhoods, and for those in already
disadvantaged or vulnerable situations.
There are three main channels through which children are affected by this crisis: infection with the virus itself; the
immediate socioeconomic impacts of measures to stop transmission of the virus and end the pandemic; and the
potential longer-term effects of delayed implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals.
All of this is affecting children in multiple ways. An estimated 42-66 million children could fall into extreme
poverty as a result of the crisis this year, adding to the estimated 386 million children already in extreme
poverty in 2019. 188 countries have imposed countrywide school closures, affecting more than 1.5 billion
children and youth. The potential losses that may accrue in learning for today's young generation, and for the
development of their human capital, are hard to fathom. More than two-thirds of countries have introduced
a national distance learning platform, but among low-income countries the share is only 30 percent. Before
this crisis, almost one-third of the world's young people were already digitally excluded.
Lockdowns and shelter in place measures come with a heightened risk of children witnessing or suffering
violence and abuse. Children in conflict settings, as well as those living in unsanitary and crowded conditions
such as refugee and IDP settlements, are also at considerable risk. Children's reliance on online platforms for
distance learning has also increased their risk of exposure to inappropriate content and online predators.
(Adapted from https://unsdg.un.org/)
Question 44: Which of the following could be the most suitable title of the passage?
A. Protecting children from COVID-19.
B. The impact of COVID-19 on children.
C. What do children do in the COVID-19 pandemic?
D. Are children affected by COVID-19- controlling measures?
Question 45: The word "they" in the first paragraph refers to
C. harmful effects
A. children
B. measures
Question 46: The word "channels" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
A. ways
Question 47: The word "fathom" in paragraph 4 most probably means
A. solve
C. factors
B. programs
B. prove
C. recover
D. understand
Question 48: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. All children, of all ages, and in all countries, are being affected equally by the pandemic.
B. The measures to stop the spread of the virus and control the pandemic are not harmful to children.
C. The risk of violence and abuse towards children has decreased during lockdown and shelter in place
D. countries
D. steps
measures.
D. Only one third developed countries have introduced distance learning in the pandemic.
Question 49: According to the passage, the following are the impacts of the pandemic on children,
EXCEPT
B. exacerbating the learning crisis
D. threats to child survival and health
A. falling into poverty
C. risks for child safety
Question 50: It can be inferred from the last paragraph that in the pandemic
A. children may be unsafe even in their houses
C. the number of violent cases is increasing
B. children have more risks than adults
D. most children don't want to learn online