Exercise 6: Identify the mistake in each of the following sentences and correct it.

1. At first the employees didn't like the new open-space office, but in the end they used to it.

A. employees B. open-space office  C. in the end D. used to

2. I’m afraid I'll never get used to with this place. I simply don’t like it and never will.

A. afraid B. get used to with C. don’t D. never will

3. She used to be an employ at the post office before she started her own business.

A. used to B. employ C. post office D. started her own business

4. Did you used to like eating vegetables when you were young?

A. Did you used to  B. eating vegetables  C. when D. you were young

5. There didn’t be open fields all round our town when I was a boy.

A. There didn’t be B. all round our town C. when D. was

Exercise 7: Make questions for the underlined words or phrases.

1. It is about three kilometers from my old house to this new one.

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2. Peter is getting used to waking up early to do morning exercise.

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3. There used to be a lot of horse-drawn vehicles on the street.

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4. It takes US about 20 minutes to travel to work every day.

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5. I think I will have to get accustomed to driving on the left side when travelling to that country.

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Exercise 8: Choose the best answer.

The first three months of 2022 saw more people die in traffic crashes in New York City since 2014, according to a new report from Transportation Alternatives and Families for Safe Streets (1) ____________ overnight Tuesday. (2) ___________ the report, there has been a 44% increase in traffic fatalities in the first quarter of 2022 compared to the same period last year, with 59 people dying in crashes. In Brooklyn, it was the (3) ___________ February for pedestrian on record under Vision Zero - the City program launched in 2014 to (4) ___________ the city’s traffic (5) ___________ - with six people killed and 249 injured. It (6) ___________ in this month that 99-year-old Holocaust survivor Jack Mikulincer was killed by the driver of a BMW SUV as he crossed Coleridge St and Oriental Blvd at Manhattan Beach in his (7) ___________ wheelchair. The data is (8) ___________ Brooklyn leaders to fear traffic fatalities in 2022 are on track to be worse than 2021’s record-breaking year. “We cannot stand (9) ___________ when data is clearly trending in the wrong direction, especially when it (10) ___________ the lives of our youngest and most vulnerable New Yorkers,” Brooklyn Borough President Antonio Reynoso said.

(Source: https://www.nyl.com/nyc/all-boroughs)

1. A. published B. released C. introduced D. brought

2. A. According to  B. However C. Nevertheless D. Contrary to

3. A. deadliest B. most interesting C. most underrated D. most costly

4. A. increase B. delete C. stop D. reduce

5. A. rate B. expectancy C. fatalities D. proportion

6. A. was B. is C. were D. be

7. A. electrifying B. electricity C. electrical D. electric

8. A. causing B. resulting C. making D. indicating

9. A. careful B. idle C. aware of D. thorough

10. A. includes B. involves C. composes D. accounts

Exercise 9: Reading the following passage and answer the following questions.

There are no easy answers to the problems of traffic congestion. Traffic congestion affects people throughout the world. Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world. In the U.S., commuters spend an average of a full work week each year sitting in traffic, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy.

The most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing, whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day. In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train. And in practice it seems to work: Singapore, London and Stockholm have reduced traffic and pollution in city centers thanks to congestion pricing.

Another way to reduce rush hour traffic is for employers to implement flextime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour. Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars. Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars off the road altogether.

Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city streets. But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road; they only accommodate more of them.

Other, more forward-thinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment. For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies. But environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the $50 billion being spent on roads and bridges.

(Source: https://mini-ielts.com/)

1. How traffic jams affect people specifically?

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2. In what way can employers contribute to dealing with traffic congestion?

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3. Which cities are successful with congestion pricing?

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4. What is the drawback of building more roads?

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5. Why did the US government decide to upgrade the traffic systems?

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