The word with the underlined part pronounced differently is:

• c. health (The 'ea' in "health" is pronounced /ɛ/, while in "author," "ethnic," and "gather," the 'a' and 'a' sounds are pronounced /ɑː/ or /æ/.)

The word with the underlined part pronounced differently is:

• d. grew (The 'ew' in "grew" is pronounced /uː/, while in "flew," "drew," and "knew," the 'ew' sound is pronounced /uː/.)

The word with the underlined part pronounced differently is:

• b. capture (The 'a' in "capture" is pronounced /æ/, while in "celebrate," "conserve," and "comprise," the 'a' is pronounced /ə/.)

The word whose main stress pattern is not the same as the others is:

• d. career (The stress is on the second syllable: ca-REER, while the stress in "writer," "teacher," and "builder" is on the first syllable.)

The word whose main stress pattern is not the same as the others is:

• b. atmosphere (The stress is on the first syllable: AT-mosphere, while the stress in "company," "customer," and "employment" is on the second syllable