A. Tóm tắt kiến thức:
1. Góc tạo bởi đường thẳng y = ax + b (a ≠ 0) và trục Õ.
Gọi A là giao điểm của đường thẳng y = ax + b với Ox và T là một điểm thuộc đường thẳng, nằm phía trên trục Ox. Khi đó góc TAx được gọi là góc tạo bởi đường thẳng y = ax + b và trục Ox.
2. Hệ số góc của đường thẳng y = ax + b (a ≠ 0)
Khi a > 0, góc tạo bởi đường thẳng y = ax + b và trục Ox là góc nhọn và nếu a càng lớn thì góc đó càng lớn.
Khi a < 0, góc tạo bởi đường thẳng y = ax + b và trục Ox là góc tù và nếu a càng bé thì góc đó càng lớn.
Như vậy, góc tạo bởi đường thẳng y = ax + b và trục Ox phụ thuộc vào a.
Người ta gọi a là hệ số góc của đường thẳng y = ax + b.
Lưu ý: Khi a > 0, ta có tg
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= a. Từ đó dùng bảng lượng giác hoặc máy tính bỏ túi suy ra số đo của
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.
Khi a < 0, ta có tg (180
0 -
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) = tg
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= -a.
Từ đó tìm được số đo của góc 180
0 -
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rồi suy ra số đo của góc
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