a, P(x) = x^5 - 3x^2 + 7x^4 - 9x^3 + x^2 + 13x
= x^5 + 7x^4 - 9x^3 - 3x^2 + x^2 + 13x
= x^5 + 7x^4 - 9x^3 - 2x^2 + 13x
Q(x) = 5x^4 - x^5 + x^2 - 2x^3 + 3x^2 - 1/4
= - x^5 + 5x^4 - 2x^3 + x^2 + 3x^2 - 1/4
= - x^5 + 5x^4 - 2x^3 +4x^2 - 1/4
b, P(x) + Q(x) = ( x^5 + 7x^4 - 9x^3 - 2x^2 + 13x ) + ( - x^5 + 5x^4 - 2x^3 + 4x^2 - 1/4 )
= x^5 + 7x^4 - 9x^3 - 2x^2 + 13x - x^5 + 5x^4 - 2x^3 + 4x^2 - 1/4
= ( x^5 - x^5 ) + ( 7x^4 + 5x^4 ) + ( - 9x^3 - 2x^3 ) + ( - 2x^2 + 4x^2 ) + 13x - 1/4
= 12x^4 - 11x^3 + 2x^2 + 13x - 1/4
P(x) - Q(x) = ( x^5 + 7x^4 - 9x^3 - 2x^2 + 13x ) - ( - x^5 + 5x^4 - 2x^3 + 4x^2 - 1/4 )
= x^5 + 7x^4 - 9x^3 - 2x^2 + 13x + x^5 - 5x^4 + 2x^3 - 4x^2 + 1/4
= ( x^5 + x^5 ) + ( 7x^4 - 5x^4 ) + ( - 9x^3 + 2x^3 ) + ( - 2x^2 - 4x^2 ) + 13x + 1/4
= 2x^5 +2x^4 - 7x^3 - 6x^2 +13x + 1/4
c, Ta có: P(-1) = (-1)^5 + 7.(-1)^4 - 9.(-1)^3 - 2.(-1)^2 + 13.(-1)
= - 1 + 7 + 9 - 2 -13
= 0
suy ra x = -1 là một nghiệm của P(x)
Q(x) = - (-1)^5 + 5.(-1)^4 - 2.(-1)^3 + 4.(-1)^2 - 1/4
= 1 + 5 + 2 + 4 - 1/4
= 47/4
suy ra x = -1 không phải là nghiệm của Q(x)