Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, Cor D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34.

            In 1818, Luke Howard published The climate of London in which he identified emerging problem: urban development was having a direct impact on the local weather. The early 1800s was a time of great expansion for London and Howard noticed that temperatures in the city were gradually becoming higher than those in rural areas. We now refer to these areas as Urban Heat islands. The difference in temperature is usually greater at night and the phenomenon occurs in both winter and summer. Experts agree that this is due to urban development, when open green spaces are replaced with asphalt roads and tall brick or concrete buildings. These materials retain heat generated by the Sun and release it through the night. In Atlanta, in the US, this has even led to thunderstorms occurring in the morning rather than, as is more common, in the afternoon. Officials there are advising builders to use light-coloured roofs in a bid to reduce the problem.

            Large cities around the worlds are adopting strategies to combat this issue and it is not uncommon to find plants growing on tops of roofs or down the walls of large buildings. In Singapore, the government has pledged to transform it into a city within a garden and, in 2006, they held an international competition calling for entries to develop a master plan to help bring this about. One outcome was the creation of 18 “Supertrees”. These metal constructions are made to resemble very tall trees and range in height from 25m to 50m. Each one is a vertical freestanding garden and is home to exotic plants and ferns. Their structure allowed the designers to create an immediate rainforest canopy without having to wait for trees to reach such heights. They contain solar panels used to light the trees at night and also containers to collect rainwater, making them truly self- sufficient.

Question 30: What is the purpose of the writer in the passage?

            A. To get the readers understand how to deal with urban heat.

            B. To help the readers know the reason why cities become hot and how to solve that issue.

            C. To help the readers understand the definition of urban development

            D. To raise a global problem which everyone knows well.

Question 31: According to paragraph 1, how was the weather changing in London in the early 1800s?

            A. The temperatures were gradually rising.      B. The temperatures in parts of London were different.

            C. Thunderstorms occurred frequently.           D. Thunderstorms occurred in the morning instead of the afternoon.

Question 32: Why did the writer mention Singapore?

            A. Because it is a green country.          B. Because it is the first country concerning urban heat.

            C. Because he gave one example to illustrate how large cities solve urban heat.

            D. Because he arrived in this country and took part in making it green.

Question 33: What are “Supertrees” according to paragraph 2?

            A. They are very tall and bid trees.      B. They are green tall constructions which replaced the trees.

            C. They are vertical freestanding gardens.       D. They are rainforests canopies.

Question 34: The word “their” in paragraph 2 refers to ______ ?

            A. plants                      B. ferns C. tall trees                 D. metal constructions