1. S + began / started + to V/ V-ing + time ago (nhận dạng cấu trúc: began/ started to V/ Ving: bắt đầu làm gì)
Viết lại thành: S + have/has + P2 / been Ving+ for / since …
Ví dụ: She began to play the piano 5 years ago
=> She has played/ has been playing the piano for 5 years.
2. S + last + Ved + time+ ago: Lần cuối cùng làm gì
=> S + have/ has +not+ for + time
=> It’s + time+ since + S + last + Ved.
=> The last time + S + V ed+ was + time + ago.
Ví dụ: It last snowed 2 weeks ago.
=> It hasn’t snowed for 2 weeks
=>It’s 2 weeks since it last snowed.
=> The last time it snowed was 2 weeks ago.
3. This is the first time + S +have/has+P2: Lần đầu làm gì
=> S +have/ has + never + P2+ before
=> S+ have/ has not+ P2+ before
Ví dụ: This is the first time I have met him
=> I have never met him before.
=> I haven’t met him before.