Why is the ocean polluted?
It is thought that immense sea can not be contaminated. But no, the problem of marine pollution is more serious, in which the main cause comes from people.
1. Many people mistakenly believe that discharge into the sea can not cause pollution because the sea is too large, too deep, with huge amounts of water that can not be measured. But in fact, so far many of the waters have been severely polluted, particularly in places where oil spills (oil wells or tankers) have occurred. Remarkably, the rate of marine pollution has increased dramatically in the past few decades. Researchers have warned that the ocean has been contaminated many times, but the practice has not been improved.
Many studies have suggested that plastics are found in many parts of the sea. Plastics are difficult to decay, easily floated from one place to another, many marine animals mistook them as food, eat wrong from that dead. However, the largest source of marine pollution is oil, dirty soils, septic tanks, livestock farms, motorized vehicles. It is hard to imagine that every day thousands of tons of waste and waste are dumped into the ocean. It is also dangerous to know that more than one million seabirds die each year from pollution. At the same time, 300,000 dolphins die each year as a result of the fishing net being dropped, along with other items. Scientists also say that around 100,000 marine mammals die each year from where they live.
Talking about garbage and plastic, people are appalled to learn that in the Pacific there is a "jungle" island twice the size of Texas in the United States. It's North Pacific Gyre Island off the coast of California. It is considered to be the largest ocean dumping ground in the world. Here the number of floating plastic pieces is 6 times larger than the total marine life in the vicinity.
"Spilled oil is one of the most important causes for pollution," said Marl Kritslend, an environmentalist from California. This is the fastest destructive ocean, far more harmful than rubbish and waste. Spilled oil causes marine life to suffocate and die. This makes the change of the ecosystem more intense, faster and more intense, even in deep water.
Still, according to Marl Kritslend, plastic debris discharged into the sea can absorb toxic chemicals, poisoning any creature that eats it. The plastic does not decompose but breaks into many small debris. Small animals at the bottom of the food chain absorb the chemicals along with food. They then become the food of larger animals, continuing to increase the accumulation of chemicals. This is a chain reaction, no matter what the nuclear reaction - says Marl Kritsland. Accordingly, people will also be poisoned by eating contaminated seafood. As a result, cancer is growing as well as the immune system is compromised with no way to save.
- Marine pollutants actually enter the food chain of marine life as well as humans. That should be considered a serious issue. However, many people still think that even if it is toxic, it is also very small. It is a false thought, which leads to our implicit assassination of ourselves, says Marl Kritsland.
2. More and more people are calling out "red alert" polluting the marine environment. Vietnam is not out of the question, even though we have been doing more and more cleaning up the sea.
Vietnam has an exclusive economic zone of over 1,000,000 square kilometers and more than 3,000 islands and large archipelagoes. The country has a coastline stretching over 3,260 km. This is a "godsend" advantage when we develop marine economics. But due to the lack of awareness, many places have been polluted - albeit at a low level.
Recently, the death of some seafood is thought to be due to toxicology and toxic algae. This is a severe warning that early measures should be taken to minimize and prevent pollution so as not to adversely affect the country's sustainable development strategy for the sea and islands.
Many experts in natural resources and environment said that the main cause of marine pollution is the development of industry and tourism rampant; unreasonable aquaculture; There is a lack of supervision and sanctions for the marine environment. According to environmental estimates, between 70% and 80% of landfill waste originates from the mainland when factories, factories, industrial parks and residential areas discharge waste water and solid waste. Treating rivers in coastal plains or discharging directly to the sea. Even aquaculture also discharges solid waste, fertilizers, residues of chemicals into the sea. It is said that each hectare of shrimp farming will emit about 5 tons of solid waste and tens of thousands of m3 of waste water in one crop. Thus, with a total shrimp farming area of ​​over 600,000 hectares, the sea will receive nearly 3 million tons of waste each year.
In efforts to clean the sea, many activities have been proposed. Among them are World Environment Day (5-6), World Ocean Day (8-6) and Vietnam Sea and Islands Week (from 1st to 8th of June). These campaigns raise the awareness of the community about preserving the cleanness of the sea and at the same time getting the support of many people, especially young people.
Every year, over 100 rivers in our country discharge into the sea 880 km3 of water and 270-300 million tons of silt, many of which can pollute the sea. So, not only in the movement, the campaign that the maintenance and cleaning of the marine environment must become a permanent consciousness in every human being.