Here are the correct words for each blank in the text:

1. **A - distance**
2. **C - another**
3. **A - next**
4. **C - heavy**
5. **C - light**
6. **D - near**
7. **B - beside**
8. **D - great**
9. **D - plans**
10. **C - already**

So the filled text would read as follows:

Weather influences the lives of everyone. The climate of any country depends on its position on Earth, its **(1)** distance from the sea and how high it is. In countries which have sea all **(2)** another, like Britain and New Zealand, winters are mild and summers are cool. There is not a huge change from one season to **(3)** next. Countries near the Equator have hot weather all year with some **(4)** heavy, except in deserts where it rains **(5)** light. Above the desert there are no clouds in the sky so the **(6)** near the sun can easily warm the ground during the day but it gets very cold at night. People are always **(7)** beside unusual weather and pictures of tornadoes, for example, are shown on television. Strong winds and rain can **(8)** great a lot of damage to buildings and in spite of modern **(9)** plans of weather forecasting they can **(10)** already surprise us.