Exercise 9. Complete each second sentence using the word given, so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Write between two and five words in each gap.

Approaches to learning

People appear (1) …………… in different ways. Some people expect (2) …………… mistakes in their studies and are capable of (3) …………… from their mistakes. They don’t mind (4) …………… by their teacher and indeed often ask (5) …………… corrected.

Others, however, dislike (6) …………… mistakes. They try to avoid (7) …………… anything which they might do badly. They would rather (8) …………… something in small steps and be sure they have got it right (9) …………… attempt to do a task based on a subject they don’t feel they have finished (10) …………… yet.

Both ways of learning seem (11) …………… equally valid, but a combination of the two may be the best solution. In (12) …………… to learn effectively, students have to remember (13) …………… risks sometimes. But they also have to feel comfortable and secure with what they’re doing so (14) …………… not to become demotivated. All students should at least think about (15) …………… the way that they approach learning.

1   A learning              B to learn                    C learn                        D having learnt

2   A making               B to make                    C make                        D having made

3   A benefiting           B to benefit                 C benefit                     D to have benefited

4   A correcting           B being corrected        C to correct                 D to be corrected

5   A being                  B be                             C to have been               D to be

6   A making               B to make                    C to be making               D make

7   A doing                  B to do                        C having done               D to have done

8   A to perfect            B perfecting                C perfect                     D be perfected

9   A to                        B from                         C that                          D than

10   A explore             B to explore                C exploring                 D being explored

11   A that                   B to be                         C as                             D being

12   A desire                B demand                    C need                         D order

13   A to take              B taking                      C to have taken               D having taken

14   A that                   B much                        C as                             D many

15   A to question        B questioning              C question                   D to be questioned