----- Nội dung ảnh -----
**Extra lesson plan English 11**
**Cầm Giang 77 High school**
**PERIOD 15 + 16**
**Reading: Cities of the future + Grammar: Linking verbs**

A. Reading
a. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions.
Cyber-security and technology ethics are important topics. Smart cities represent a complex new field for governments, citizens, designers and security experts to navigate.

The privatisation of civic space and public services is a hidden cost too. The complexity of smart city systems and their need for ongoing maintenance could lead to long-term reliance on a tech company to deliver public services.

Many argue that, by improving data collection and monitoring and allowing for real-time responses, smart systems will lead to better environmental outcomes. For instance, waste bins that alert city managers when they need collecting, or that prompt recycling through tax credits, and street lamps that track movement and adjust lighting levels have the potential to reduce energy use.

But this runs contrary to studies that show more information and communication technology actually has a higher energy use. At best, smart cities may end up a zero-sum game in terms of sustainability because their “positive and negative impacts tend to cancel each other out."

And then there’s the less-talked-about issue of e-waste, which is a huge global challenge. Adding computers to objects could create what the writer has termed a new “internet of trash” - products built with durable materials, which means they can be used for decades.

Computer processors and software systems, on the other hand, are short-lived and may need upgrading every few years. Adding technology to products that didn’t have this in the past effectively shortens their life-span and makes servicing, warranties and support contracts more complex and unreliable. One outcome could be a landscape of smart junk - public infrastructure that has stopped working, or that needs ongoing maintenance and upgrades.

1. Which of the following will be the best title for the passage?
A. Downsides of Smart cities
B. Technology in Smart cities
C. Energy use in Smart cities
D. Benefits of Smart Cities

2. The word “they” in paragraph 2 refers to
A. city managers
B. smart systems
C. environmental outcomes
D. waste bins

3. The word “warranties” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. breaks
B. guarantees
C. fares
D. data

4. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. The authority can easily manage the complex smart city systems on their own.
B. There is no debate about the effect of smart cities.
C. People agree that smart cities use less energy than traditional cities.
D. Some studies argue that smart cities may not bring benefits in terms of sustainability.

5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. E-waste is a problem in smart cities.
B. Computer processors need frequent upgrades.
C. Software systems are durable so they can be used for a long time.
D. E-waste is not an issue that is talked much about.