1. How many sailors are there? - e. There are twenty-one people. (Sailors are people who work on ships.)
2. How much pepper will you buy? - h. I will buy two bags of it. (Pepper is an uncountable noun, so "much" is used, and it's sold in bags.)
3. How much paper do you need? - a. I only need one sheet of it. (Paper is also uncountable, and it comes in sheets.)
4. How many types of fish are there in the lake? - g. There are about eleven types. (Types of fish are countable.)
5. How much time will it take to do your homework? - b. About half an hour. (Time is uncountable.)
6. How many schools are there in your hometown? - f. Only one school. (Schools are countable.)
7. How much sugar is there in your coffee? - d. two cubes. (Sugar is uncountable, but it can be measured in cubes or spoons.)
8. How many spoons do you have? - c. I have five. (Spoons are countable.)