Stephen Biko was a South African anti-apartheid activist and leader of the Black Consciousness Movement. He advocated for the rights and empowerment of black South Africans and fought against the oppressive apartheid regime. While he believed in peaceful resistance and non-violent protests, he also recognized the need for self-defense and self-determination. Biko's focus was on promoting black pride, consciousness, and unity, rather than solely being a supporter of the peace movement.