Used for:
- Habits, routines, and regular occurrences.
- General truths and facts.
- Timetables and schedules.
Example:
- I study English every day.
- The sun rises in the east.
- The train leaves at 8:00 AM.
Present Perfect (S + have/has + P2)
Used for:
- Actions that started in the past and continue to the present.
- Completed actions in the past with a connection to the present.
- Experiences and achievements.
Example:
- I have lived in this city for 10 years.
- She has eaten dinner already.
- He has never been to Paris.
Past Simple (S + V-ed)
Used for:
- Completed actions in the past at a specific time.
- Sequences of actions in the past.
- Habits and routines in the past.
Example:
- I went to the beach yesterday.
- She studied hard for the exam.
- They played football every weekend last year.
Past Progressive (S + was/were + V-ing)
Used for:
- Actions in progress at a specific time in the past.
- Simultaneous actions in the past.
- Describing the background to a past event.
Example:
- I was watching TV when the phone rang.
- They were playing cards while we were talking.
- The sun was shining and the birds were singing.
Past Perfect (S + had + P2)
Used for:
- Actions that happened before another past action.
- Completed actions in the past that had a result in the past.
Example:
- I had finished my homework before I went out.
- She had eaten dinner before we arrived.
Future Simple (S + will + V-inf)
Used for:
- Predictions and future possibilities.
- Promises, offers, and threats.
- Spontaneous decisions.
Example:
- It will rain tomorrow.
- I will help you with your homework.
- I will call you later.
Near Future (S + is/ am/ are +going to + V-inf)
Used for:
- Planned future actions.
- Predictions based on evidence or knowledge.
Example:
- We are going to visit my grandparents this weekend.
- It is going to rain soon.